Space-time symmetry restoration in cosmological models with Kalb--Ramond and scalar fields

We study symmetry of space-time in presence of a minimally coupled scalar field interacting with a Kalb--Ramond tensor fields in a homogeneous but initially anisotropic universe. The analysis is performed for the two relevant cases of a pure cosmological constant and a minimal quadratic, renormalizable, interaction term. In both cases, due to expansion, a complete spatial symmetry restoration is dynamically obtained.Comment: Latex, 7 pages, 3 eps figure

Constraints on the slope of the dark halo mass function by microlensing observables

We investigate the dark halo lens mass function (MF) for a wide class of spheroidal non singular isothermal models comparing observed and observable microlensing quantities for MACHO observations towards LMC and taking into account the detection efficiency. We evaluate the microlensing observable quantities, i.e. observable optical depth, number of events and mean duration, for models with homogenous power - law MF changing the upper and lower mass limits and the flattening of the dark halo. By applying the simple technique of the inverse problem method we are then able to get some interesting constraints on the slope $\alpha$ of the MF and on the dark halo mass fraction f made out by MACHOs consistently with previous results.Comment: 10 LaTex pages, 2 postscript figures, accepted on 21/5/2001 for pubblication on A&A; title changed, completely revised version : a new definition of observable optical depth is used and all the MACHO results from 5.7 years of observations are used to constrain the slope of the dark halo mass functio

Detecting planets around stars in nearby galaxies

The only way to detect planets around stars at distances of several kpc is by (photometric or astrometric) microlensing observations. In this paper, we show that the capability of photometric microlensing extends to the detection of signals caused by planets around stars in nearby galaxies (e.g. M31) and that there is no other method that can achieve this. Due to the large crowding, microlensing experiments towards M31 can only observe the high-magnification part of a lensing light curve. Therefore, the dominating channel for microlensing signals by planets is in distortions near the peak of high-magnification events as discussed by Griest and Safizadeh. We calculate the probability to detect planetary anomalies for microlensing experiments towards M31 and find that jupiter-like planets around stars in M31 can be detected. Though the characterization of the planet(s) involved in this signal will be difficult, the absence of such signals can yield strong constraints on the abundance of jupiter-like planets.Comment: 16 LaTex Pages, including 1 Postscript Figures, submitted to A&A; title changed, one more author added, completely revised version: central point is detecting planet in nearby galaxies and one more technique is taken into consideratio

Quintessence duality

We join quintessence cosmological scenarios with the duality simmetry existing in string dilaton cosmologies. Actually, we consider the tracker potential type $V = V_0/{\phi}^{\alpha}$ and show that duality is only established if $\alpha = - 2$.Comment: 6 LaTex Pages, submitted to Physics Letters A; completely revised version: majior changes in the last par

Aeromagnetic anomaly images of Vulcano and Southern Lipari Islands (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy)

Newly acquired high-resolution, low-altitude aeromagnetic data over Vulcano Island and Southwestern Lipari in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea resolve the major volcanic features in the area associated with the past and present activity. The magnetic character changes in amplitude and frequency from south-east to north-west. The Primordial Vulcano, the Lentia Complex, the Piano Caldera units, the Fossa Caldera deposits, and the currently active La Fossa cone and Vulcanello represent the main volcanic phases on Vulcano Island. They show a distinct magnetic anomaly pattern, whereas prior to this survey, no magnetic signatures of these features were found

A model of the Universe including Dark Energy accounted for by both a Quintessence Field and a (negative) Cosmological Constant

In this work we present a model of the universe in which dark energy is modelled explicitely with both a dynamical quintessence field and a cosmological constant. Our results confirm the possibility of a future collapsing universe (for a given region of the parameter space), which is necessary for a consistent formulation of string theory and quantum field theory. We have also reproduced the measurements of modulus distance from supernovae with good accuracy.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, only the results for the single exponential potential are preserved. One author added. Some changes in the reference section. Submitted to Physical Review

Distances in inhomogeneous quintessence cosmology

We investigate the properties of cosmological distances in locally inhomogeneous universes with pressureless matter and dark energy (quintessence), with constant equation of state. We give exact solutions for angular diameter distances in theempty beam approximation. In this hypothesis, the distance-redshift equation is derived fron the multiple lens-plane theory. The case of a flat universe is considered with particular attention. We show how this general scheme makes distances degenerate with respect to w_X and the smoothness parameters, alpha, accounting for the homogeneously distributed fraction of energy of the i-components. We analyse how this degeneracy influences the critical redshift where the angular diameter distance takes its maximum, and put in evidence future prospects for measuring the smoothness parameter of the pressureless matter, alpha_M.Comment: 24 pages, 9 ps figure